Introduction to sociolinguistics

§ Language and society

- Language : what the member of pacticular society speak

- Society : any group of people wh are drawn together for a certain purpose and purposes.

- Relationship between language and society:

Karena setiap orang memiliki bahasa untuk berkomunikasi satu dengan lainnya.

§ Some language phenmena in society:

- The language of formal written document

Example: UUD 45, surat kontrak

- Cockney an black english

Example: “jogja slang” or dagadu language

- Fast colloquial speech à ciri khas dari suatu daerah

- Completely novel sentence

- Slips of the tongue àa part of sociolinuistics

Example: beginu à slip lidah karena berbicara cepat

§ The problem of variation (what might cause a speaker to say?)

This variation of language will be spoken in certain time, place, phenomena, and people.

§ Possible relationship between language and society

1. Social structure may influence or determine linguistic structure or behavior (SàL)

2. Linguistic structure and/ or behavior may influence or determine social structure (LàS)

In any language have language stratum . For example, javanese language using some language for calling somebody like kowe, panjenengan, sampean

3. Language and society may influence each other (bidirectonal) (S<-->L)

4. There is no relationship at all between language and society (asocial linguistics) (S+L)

This is real if there are relationship between language and society because it may influence each other.

§ Sociolinguistics and sociology of language

Sociolinguistics

- focus on better understanding of language.

- The study of language relation to society

- Analyzing linguistic

- Formal or informal language à language variety, used who?what language to whom, where, and when and to what the end.

Sociology of language:

- focus on better understanding of structure of language in society.

- The study of society relation to language

- Social stucture

- Based on data and fact on humanism